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The TIA-942: Data Center Standards Overview describes the requirements for the data center infrastructure. The simplest is a Tier 1 data center, which is basically a server room, following basic guidelines for the installation of computer systems. The most stringent level is a Tier 4 data center, which is designed to host mission critical computer systems, with fully redundant subsystems and compartmentalized security zones controlled by biometric access controls methods. Another consideration is the placement of the data center in a subterranean context, for data security as well as environmental considerations such as cooling requirements.[3]
The four levels are defined, and copyrighted, by the Uptime Institute, a Santa Fe, New Mexico-based think tank and professional services organization. The levels describe the availability of data from the hardware at a location. The higher the tier, the greater the accessibility. The levels are: [4] [5] [6]
* Tier I - Basic site infrastructure guaranteeing 99.671% availability
* Tier II - Redundant site infrastructure capacity components guaranteeing 99.741% availability
* Tier III - Concurrently maintainable site infrastructure guaranteeing 99.982% availability
* Tier IV - Fault tolerant site infrastructure guaranteeing 99.995% availability
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